Thermal Properties of Nickel

F. Wust and co-workers gave 56.1 cals. per gram, or 3.29 Cals. per gram-atom for the latent heat of fusion of nickel at 1451°; W. P. White gave 73 cals. per gram, or 4.3 Cals. per gram-atom. J. W. Richards calculated 68 cals. per gram, and P. W. Robertson, 73 cals. per gram, for the latent heat of fusion of nickel. S. Umino gave 70.40 cals. per gram for the latent heat of fusion of nickel. The subject was discussed by E. Kordes, and N. von Raschevsky; and the relation between the heat of fusion and the vibration frequency, by W. Herz. N. F. Mott studied the relation between the latent heat, the m.p., and the electric conductivity. H. A. Jones and co-workers calculated the latent heat of vaporization at about 1000° to be 89,440 cals. per gram-atom; or L₀T^-1=40.218 – 0.971 log₁₀T – 4.577 log₁₀m – 0.00206T – 400T^-1. E. Rabinowitsch and E. Thilo gave 0.14 volt for the heat of fusion, 3.80 volt for the heat of vaporization, and 3.94 volt for the heat of sublimation when 1 volt is 23 Cals. C. Zengelis detected no volatilization at ordinary temp.

M. Werner found the heat of the magnetic transformation to be about 0.013 cal. per gram at 352°; S. Umino gave 2.01 cals. per gram; P. N. Laschtschenko, 3.11 cals. per gram-atom; and F. Wiist and co-workers, 1.33 cals. per gram at 320°. J. W. Richards estimated that 4.64 cals. per kilogram are absorbed by nickel at 230° and 400°. I. I. Schukoff studied the subject. J. Thomsen found the heat of dissolution of nickel in sulphuric acid (Ni,H₂SO₄,aq.)=26.11 Cals., in hydrochloric acid (Co,2HCl,aq.)=22.58 Cals. W. G. Mixter found the heat of oxidation (Ni,½O₂)=57.9 Cals.; W. A. Roth gave 58.45 Cals.; G. Chaudron, 57.1 Cals.; and O. Ruff and E. Gersten gave 51.5 Cals. O. Ruff and E. Gersten gave for 3Ni+C_graphite = Ni₃C - 394 Cals., and W. A. Roth, -10 Cals. E. D. Eastman, and G. N. Lewis and co-workers calculated 7.2 Cals. per degree at 25° for the entropy of nickel. W. M. Latimer, B. Bruzs, K. K. Kelley, R. D. Kleeman, and W. Herz studied this subject. E. Kordes gave 2.2 for the change of entropy in melting the metal. R. von Dallwitz-Wegner discussed the free energy.